{"id":5047,"date":"2017-06-16T11:53:01","date_gmt":"2017-06-16T11:53:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/?p=5047"},"modified":"2017-07-03T16:54:26","modified_gmt":"2017-07-03T12:54:26","slug":"de-lincarceration-a-la-vie-en-prison-rude-experience-de-nehru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/de-lincarceration-a-la-vie-en-prison-rude-experience-de-nehru\/","title":{"rendered":"De l\u2019incarc\u00e9ration \u00e0 la vie en prison\u00a0: Rude exp\u00e9rience de Nehru"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>D\u2019un r\u00e9gime \u00e0 un autre, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la vie citoyenne est \u00e0 l\u2019ordre du jour. C\u2019est alors que la prison, les conditions de d\u00e9tention et les lois en vigueur pour arr\u00eater les fauteurs de trouble et d\u2019autres personnes qui d\u00e9rangent la vie publique obligent \u00e0 remettre en question un certain nombre de donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Mais comment est la vie en prison ? En interrogeant quelques-uns qui ont fait des mois ou des ann\u00e9es derri\u00e8re les barreaux, l\u2019on comprend que la libert\u00e9 n\u2019a pas de prix. Parfois les conditions sont des plus abominables. La sodomie, la violence verbale, les menaces parmi les prisonniers, etc., sont les plus cit\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Autobiographie de Jawaharlal Nehru<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jawaharlal Nehru, dans son ouvrage intitul\u00e9 <em>\u2018An Autobiography\u2019<\/em>, raconte ce qu\u2019il a lui-m\u00eame v\u00e9cu \u00e0 la prison de Naini Central. Sa vie bascule. Son p\u00e8re aussi est arr\u00eat\u00e9 le 30 juin 1930 pour se retrouver avec lui en prison.<\/p>\n<p>Comme pour la plupart des pi\u00e8ces, ce ne sont pas des dortoirs, mais des espaces \u00e9troits. C\u2019est difficile de penser \u00e0 s\u2019\u00e9vader de ces lieux. Pourtant il \u00e9crit :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>My bed was heavily chained up, lest I might take it up and walk away, or most probably to avoid the bed being used as a kind of scaling ladder to climb the wall of the enclosure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nehru parle des bruits et des sommeils d\u00e9rang\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The nights were full of strange noises. The convict overseers, who guarded the main wall, frequently shouted to each other in varying keys, sometimes lengthening out their cries till they sounded like the moaning of a distant wind\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pire encore, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de la pr\u00e9-ind\u00e9pendance de l\u2019Inde, il n\u2019est pas trait\u00e9 en dignitaire \u00e0 cause des probl\u00e8mes politiques et de sa popularit\u00e9 grandissante. Il ne cache pas le choc qu\u2019il \u00e9prouve de se retrouver dans un lieu d\u00e9go\u00fbtant.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>My barrack and enclosure were popularly known throughout the gaol as the <em>kuttaghar <\/em>&#8211; the Dog House. This was an old name which had nothing to do with me. The little barrack had been built originally, apart from all others, for especially dangerous criminals who had to be isolated. Latterly it had been used for political prisoners, detenus, and the like who could thus be kept apart from the rest of the gaol.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Jawaharlal Nehru parle des autres prisonniers qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incarc\u00e9r\u00e9s il y a plus de vingt ans.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>For years and years, many of these lifers do not see any child or woman, or even animals. They lose touch with the outside world completely, and have no human contacts left. They brood and wrap themselves in angry thoughts of fear and revenge and hatred; forget the good of the world, the kindness and joy, and live only wrapped up in the evil\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dans certains pays, la brutalit\u00e9 et la maltraitance sont monnaie courante. Il suffit de voir les documentaires sur les prisons en Syrie, en Afghanistan, aux Etats-Unis pour confirmer cette information. Nehru compare les prisonniers de ces pays avec ceux des prisonniers d\u2019Europe. Il passe un meilleur jugement sur les conditions d\u2019incarc\u00e9ration de ces derniers.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>European or Eurasian prisoners, whatever their crime or status, are automatically placed in a higher class and get better food, lighter work and more interviews or letters. A weekly visit from a clergyman keeps them in touch with outside affairs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nehru, quant \u00e0 lui, subit bien des privations.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>We had no daily newspapers in prison but a Hindi weekly brought us some news\u2026 I longed to go out&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u2019est qu\u2019il savait que les activit\u00e9s politiques bouillonnaient, que le changement s\u2019annon\u00e7ait pour une Inde lib\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Nehru, ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 prisonnier plus d\u2019une fois, est \u00e0 m\u00eame de nous faire r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir sur une synergie entre les institutions-cl\u00e9s d\u2019un pays. Sans un travail professionnel et un esprit d\u2019\u00e9quipe, la situation est condamn\u00e9e \u00e0 se d\u00e9grader. Il se posait de plus en plus de questions sur le r\u00f4le de la prison.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>But no one seemed to think that the main purpose of the prison must be to improve and help the unhappy individuals who come to it. Break them! &#8212; that is the idea, so that by the time they go out, they may not have the least bit of spirit left in them\u2026 How important and essential is a prison to the Modern State!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00eele Maurice\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A l\u2019\u00eele Maurice, \u00e0 part Melrose, les autres prisons procurent de meilleures chances de tricher et de tromper la vigilance, para\u00eet-il\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Un Mauricien parle de son exp\u00e9rience d\u2019incarc\u00e9ration de six mois:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00ab\u00a0<em>Mo konne \u00e7a doul\u00e8re-l\u00e0. Envie fumer. Pas capave. Envie dormi bien. Mais \u00e9na ape ronfler<\/em>\u2026\u00a0\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Quelques-uns n\u2019ont m\u00eame pas d\u2019argent de poche. Apparemment, ils peuvent acheter des boissons gazeuses et des petits g\u00e2teaux. C\u2019est n\u00e9anmoins un stress difficile \u00e0 g\u00e9rer. Seuls ceux qui ont v\u00e9cu cette exp\u00e9rience peuvent comprendre ce sentiment d\u2019enfermement&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>La r\u00e9flexion de Nehru \u00e0 propos du r\u00f4le de la prison fait penser \u00e0 ces r\u00e9cidivistes qui n\u2019ont qu\u2019une envie dans la rue : tuer pour le plaisir, satisfaire le besoin de vengeance. C\u2019\u00e9tait bien le cas \u00e0 la rue Vandermeersch \u00e0 Rose-Hill, un dimanche matin quand le r\u00e9cidiviste a poignard\u00e9 un pauvre malheureux\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Si l\u2019on en croit le dernier budget, les effectifs policiers vont \u00eatre doubl\u00e9s. Il y aura peut-\u00eatre plus de contr\u00f4le, plus d\u2019arrestations et plus de prisonniers. Mais qu\u2019en sera-t-il des conditions de d\u00e9tention\u00a0?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u2019un r\u00e9gime \u00e0 un autre, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la vie citoyenne est \u00e0 l\u2019ordre du jour. C\u2019est alors que la prison, les conditions de d\u00e9tention et les lois en vigueur pour arr\u00eater les fauteurs de trouble et d\u2019autres personnes qui d\u00e9rangent la vie publique obligent \u00e0 remettre en question un certain nombre de donn\u00e9es. Mais comment [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":5048,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27],"tags":[67,90,89,88],"class_list":["post-5047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-society","tag-jawaharlal-nehru","tag-la-vie-en-prison","tag-naini-central","tag-shakuntala-boolell"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Jawaharlal-Nehru-%C3%A0-la-prison-de-Naini-Central.jpg?fit=630%2C357&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8QzSF-1jp","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5047"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5047\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mauritiustimes.com\/mt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}